Shiny blue. Food additive E133. E133 – Blue brilliant FCF, brilliant blue FCF Metabolism and effect on the body

Synthetic food dyes are representatives of several classes of organic compounds: azo dyes (tartrazine - E102; sunset yellow - E110; carmoisine - E122; crimson 4R - E124; shiny black - E151); triarylmethane dyes (patented blue V-E131; brilliant blue - E133; green S - E142); quinoline (yellow quinoline - E104); indigoid (indigo carmine - E132). All of these compounds are highly soluble in water; most form insoluble complexes with metal ions and are used in this form to color powdered products. Synthetic dyes have significant technological advantages over most natural dyes. They produce bright, easily reproducible colors and are less sensitive to various types influences to which the material is exposed during the process flow.

[Nechaev A.P., Traubenberg S.E., Kochetkova A.A., Food chemistry, 2003]

When using dyes, remember that they lose some of their color during dyeing and storage. food products. Synthetic triphenylmethane dyes (E131, E133, E142) discolor up to 10% during caramel coloring, and up to 18% during storage. %. In general, synthetic dyes are quite stable, with the exception of triphenylmethane dyes, which can become discolored when storing alcoholic beverages in the light, and indigoid dye E132, which is unstable in drinks using invert sugar. The maximum permitted dosage of synthetic food dyes individually or in total in mixtures is 500 g/t, the recommended dosage is 10-50 g/t of the finished food product, depending on the dye and the type of product being colored. For Ponceau 4R the maximum dosage is 50 g/t finished products. BeforeWhen using synthetic dyes, you must ensure their toxicological safety.

[Educational and methodological materials “Food concentrates and additives for processed products” Kasymov S.K., Ph.D., 2013]

Characteristics of basic synthetic dyes

Code	Name		Water color solution	ADI, mg/kg body weight ( JECFA)
E102	Tartrazine		Yellow
E104	Quinoline yellow		Lemon yellow	10,0
E110	Sunset yellow FCF		Orange
E122	Carmoisine (Azorubine)	- // -	Crimson
E124	Ponceau 4 R (Crimson 4 R)		Red
E131	Blue patent V		Blue	Not installed
E132	Indigo carmine	- // -	Blue
E133	Blue shiny FCF	- // -	Blue	12,5
E151	Black shiny BN		Violet

Resistance of basic synthetic dyes

Code	Name	Color index C. I.	Lightfastness	Heat resistance	Sour-toast-bone	Resistance to fruit acids	Alkali resistance
E102	Tartrazine	19140
E104	Quinoline yellow	47005
E110	Sunny yellow sunset" FCF	15985					± *
E122	Carmoisine (Azorubine)	14720
E124	Ponceau 4 R (Crimson 4 R)	16255
E131	Blue patent V	42051
E132	Indigo carmine	73015
E133	Blue shiny FCF	42090			- ***
E151	Black shiny BN	28440

Notation I: ++ highly resistant; + stable; ± relatively stable; - unstable; -- unstable.

When producing a food product using dyes, the following must be taken into account: the introduction of ethyl alcohol into the formulation does not change the intensity and shade of the color finished product, colored with synthetic dyes, with the exception of triarylmethane (E131, E133, E142), which can be significantly discolored in alcoholic beverages;

Preparation and storage of dye solutions.

The recommended concentration of solutions of synthetic dyes is 1%. To prepare the solution, weigh out 10.0±0.2 g of dry dye and dissolve it with stirring in 0.5 l drinking water. It is recommended to heat the water to 60...80 °C, when working with blue dyes - to 90...100 °C. It is advisable to use softened water. After complete dissolution of the dye (5...10 minutes), 0.49 liters of water are added to the resulting solution with stirring and after cooling the solution to 20...40 °C, filter it through a layer of white cotton fabric (calico). 10 g of such a solution contains 0.1 g of dye.

Each container with the solution must be equipped with a label containing the name of the dye, the composition of the solution and the date of preparation.

Food coloring solutions are stored in a dark place at a temperature of 15...25 °C. Shelf life in normal conditions food production should not exceed two to three days.

The shelf life of dye solutions can be increased by using preservatives - sodium benzoate or potassium sorbate. In this case, 840 ml of water is used to prepare the dye solution. 0.8 g of preservative is dissolved in one half of the remaining water (75 ml), and 0.4 g in the remaining 75 ml citric acid. First, pour a preservative solution into the dye solution, and then a citric acid solution and mix thoroughly. Do not mix solutions of preservative and citric acid before adding to the dye, since the resulting benzoic or sorbic acid may precipitate.

[Nutritional and biological active additives: textbook L.A. Mayurnikova, M.S. Kurakin 2006.]

E133 is a synthetic dye, the production of which takes place through the process of organic synthesis of coal tar. Externally, the dye looks like a red powder with a blue tint, which is practically insoluble in.

Its main characteristics are worth noting: a wide range of applications, acid resistance, heat stability and a high level of light resistance.

Various manufacturers of the digestive sector use E133 in combination with other types of dyes: if mixed with yellow, the result will be green, in combination with red you will get purple, in combination with purple or brown - black, in combination with orange you will get brown. A duet of brilliant blue dye FCF with tartrazine (E101) is often found, thus obtaining the most extensive palette of green colors.

Purpose and scope of application

Brilliant Blue FCF dye has a wide range of applications. In the food industry, E133 is used for coloring pasta, bakery products, fruit ice, canned vegetables, canned fruits, dairy products, breakfast cereals, alcoholic drinks, soft drinks, a variety of sweets, desserts, etc.

In the cosmetics industry, E133 is used in the production of decorative cosmetics, hair dyes, various creams, shampoos, and deodorants. Most often, Indian manufacturers resort to this additive to obtain brighter and more stable colors. In the textile industry, the dye is mainly used to dye silk and wool fabrics. The least used dye is brilliant blue FCF in pharmaceuticals (coloring of capsule and tablet shells) and in the production of household chemicals.

The use of blue shiny FCF in medicinal products is prohibited.

Possible names

Manufacturers can often hide E133 under other names, including:

E-133;
brilliant blue;
aniline blue;
blue #1;
food blue-2;
42090;
blue shiny FCF.

Chemical composition and release form

The additive is produced synthetically and is usually produced using coal tar, which is processed through organic synthesis. The additive has the following chemical formula: C 37 H 34 N 2 Na 2 O 9 S 3 .

It is very difficult to dissolve the additive in ordinary water, as a result the solution is blue or dark blue.

Available in the form of granular powder without any odor. The additive is a flammable material and is highly resistant to alkaline environment.

E133 can be produced in special fabric bags, paper food bags, and corrugated boxes. Regardless of the type of packaging, a plastic bag 0.08 millimeters thick is first placed inside. Each manufacturer has its own type of packaging.

Under no circumstances should you use containers other than those from the manufacturer for storage.

Effect on the body: harm and benefit

The additive has an average level of danger to the human body.

E133 dye is poorly absorbed by the body and ninety-five percent of the total amount of absorbed dye is excreted along with food debris. If you consume Brilliant Blue FCF in large quantities and frequently, your stool will take on a greenish tint.

Abuse of dye can provoke allergic reactions and asthma attacks, especially for people with hypersensitivity to aspirin. This food additive has not been fully studied to this day, therefore, the general range of side effects is not known.

There is currently no data on the carcinogenicity and toxicity of the additive.

But, numerous studies (which were conducted on laboratory rats) have shown that this supplement has a positive effect on therapy for spinal cord injuries.

It is worth noting that the brilliant blue dye FCF is a fairly expensive synthetic product, therefore, it is not actively used in industry, since it is not profitable.

Daily dosage

To date, a safe daily intake of dye has been developed, and it is twelve and a half milligrams per kilogram of body weight.

It is worth noting that for green peas the amount of dye should not exceed one hundred milligrams per kilo of product. For canned puree from, the rate per kilogram should not exceed two hundred milligrams, but for in the marinade, the amount of E133 per kilogram of product should not exceed three hundred milligrams. For pasta and other bread products, the norm is two hundred milligrams per kilo. In sauces, up to five hundred milligrams of dye per kilogram of sauce is allowed. For soft drinks and processed cheese, the norm is one hundred milligrams per kilo.

Permission to use

Food grade dye E-133 is acceptable for use in production in Russia, Ukraine and certain EU countries, but the additive is prohibited in Norway, Germany, Belgium, Denmark and France.

Main manufacturers

During the purchase period, it is important to choose the right manufacturer. Among the well-known foreign reliable manufacturers are: Sensient Technologies Corporation (America), ROHA and Vidhi Dyestuffs Mfg (India). Among the well-known and proven manufacturers in Russia for years, it is worth noting: Eco Resource and GIORD (St. Petersburg) and Teresa-Inter (Moscow).

It is important to remember that every synthetic additive or dye in any case causes harm to the body (even if manufacturers do not indicate this), therefore, if possible, products containing E133 should be avoided, especially if there are problems with the respiratory system, there are various chronic diseases, anomalies functioning of the liver, kidneys and intestines.

Not everyone knows that bright green color canned peas or crispy pickles, owe to the synthetic dye Blue Shiny FCF. E133 has no analogues in the natural environment.

Russian and world experts do not object to its use as food, although laboratory studies of the substance have not yet been completed.

Official designations and names in Russia according to GOST 32745-2014:

Brilliant Blue FCF;
E 133 (European code);
133 (INS number – international numbering system for food additives);
E-133 (designation of the additive in the requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological supervision of the Russian Federation);
42090 (number in ColorIndex, an international catalog of dyes);
Diamond Blue FCF (synonym);
Food blue 2 (synonym);
Food Blue2 (European coloring designation);
FD&C Blue No. 1 (USA).

In unofficial documents and on the packaging of various products you can find other names for the food additive E 133:

Blue #1;
Aniline blue;
Patentblau AE; Amidoblau AE (German designation);
Bleu brilliant FCF (French product name).

Type of substance

Additive E 133 belongs to the group of triarylmethane dyes.

E133 is obtained from coal tar.

A complex chemical process of organic synthesis results in a blue-red sodium salt. Potassium and calcium salts and aluminum varnish are also allowed.

During digestion, blue shiny FCF is absorbed into the body in small quantities. More than 95% of the substance comes out naturally.

Can color waste products green. There is no need to be afraid. This is just the property of the E 133 additive to change color when it comes into contact with an acidic environment (for example, bile).

Properties

Package

Packaging for food coloring must meet the standards of the countries in which the product is produced.

In Russia, the following is used as packaging for the E 133 additive:

woven bags that meet GOST 30090;
paper bags for food products;
boxes made of corrugated cardboard in accordance with the requirements of GOST 13511.

Bags 0.08 mm thick made of food-grade polyethylene must be inserted inside any container.

Manufacturers set the type and size of packaging independently.

The use of other containers (for example, polyethylene barrels) is not prohibited if it is non-toxic and meets the rules for safe storage of the product.

Application

In industrial plants, blue shiny FCF rarely used individually. By adding various E chemicals, manufacturers are able to color their products in numerous shades of purple. This property plus low cost make E 133 a popular additive in various industries.

Food industry applies dye to restore lost color or give products an attractive appearance.

You can find the E 133 additive in many products:

ice cream, popsicles;
canned fruit and vegetables;
breakfast cereals (potato and cereal);
gelatin;
confectionery;
juices, carbonated drinks;
flavored milk and dairy products;
wine drinks;
minced fish, .

A complete list of products in which blue glitter FCF can be found would take several pages.

Add food coloring E 133 to cosmetic products and household chemicals:

shampoos, soaps, bath gels;
Hair Dye;
deodorants;
Bathroom cleaners.

Pharmacological enterprises use the E 133 additive only for coloring the shells of drugs and tablets.

Blue shiny FCF is prohibited from being added to medicinal products.

Good light resistance made it possible to use the food additive E 133 for dyeing wool and silk fabrics.

The food coloring is approved for retail sale under the name “Brilliant Blue FCF (E 133).”

Diamond Blue FCF is approved in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, some EU countries, Australia, New Zealand, and the USA.

Banned in Norway, Belgium, Germany, France, Denmark.

Benefits and harms

According to some reports, the substance triarylmethane helps restore spinal cord function after injury.

Research into the effects of the E 133 additive on human health continues to this day.

Food supplement E 133, in terms of the degree of negative impact on human health, belongs to class 3 (moderately hazardous substance). When using such dyes, it is prohibited to exceed the prescribed doses.

The permissible daily intake of the food additive E 133 has been revised several times in the course of numerous scientific research. Now a person with an average weight of 60 kg is allowed to consume up to 12.5 mg of supplement per kilogram of weight. Based on the latest research, Russian and foreign regulatory committees determine the safe dose per 1 kg (or 1 liter) of the finished product:

100 mg for canned green sugar and brain peas, flavored processed cheeses, soft drinks;
150 mg for ice cream, desserts;
200 mg for jams, fruit and canned vegetables, bakery and pasta products, alcoholic beverages (including sparkling wines);
300 mg for canned cucumbers;
500 mg for sauces, seasonings.

Additive E 133 is considered an allergen. Products containing blue dye should be used with caution by people with bronchial asthma and sensitivity to aspirin.

There are no exact toxicity data.

How should coffee machines be installed correctly? Read about it in.

Main manufacturers

When purchasing food coloring, you need to pay attention to the manufacturer. Reliable companies that have been proven over the years provide a guarantee of quality.

There are three of these in Russia: Moscow company “Teresa-Inter”, companies GIORD and “Eco Resource” (both St. Petersburg).

Of the foreign enterprises, the Indian Vidhi Dyestuffs Mfg and ROHA, the American holding Sensient Technologies Corporation, have proven themselves positively.

Any synthetic food coloring is not completely harmless. The approved additive E133 is no exception. While in-depth research continues, it is up to the consumer to take charge of their own health.

General characteristics and receipt

E133 is a food coloring of chemical origin in the form of powder or granules, the distinctive feature of which is a blue color with a reddish tint. The additive is poorly soluble in water, difficult to absorb by the human body, and almost all of it is excreted along with undigested food.

Extracted by organic synthesis. The raw material for the dye is coal tar. The level of harm to health is average.

Purpose

Diamond Blue FCF is used in various industries for the purpose of painting in the desired color. It is often mixed with other dyes to create a wider range of shades. Used in the manufacture of food products, cosmetics and textiles.

Benefits and harms

Currently, research on the E133 supplement is ongoing, but there is no scientific evidence of its toxic or carcinogenic effects yet. In many countries, the substance is used without prohibitions. But it is impossible to say that the dye is completely safe.

It is harmful to people suffering from asthma and aspirin intolerance. It can provoke an attack of suffocation, acute allergic symptoms, including anaphylactic shock. The substance can negatively affect the behavior of children, causing headaches, increased activity levels, tearfulness, and apathy.

When consuming lollipops and hard candies colored with E133, there is a risk of the substance entering the blood. This can harm cells and their ability to produce energy from incoming food.

If we talk about the benefits of the substance, E133 has shown the ability to help treat spinal cord injuries in rats. But research has not yet been carried out further due to the fact that the substance does not attract investors due to its cheapness.

Use and application

The food industry cannot do without the use of blue shiny FCF. When mixed with other dyes, the substance gives different shades. Green color is obtained by combining E133 with E102; in combination with red and orange additives, black and brown colors are obtained; when adding red dye, violet is obtained.

The following food products are most often colored with E133:

ice cream;
sweets and desserts;
canned fruits and vegetables;
jellies and jams;
dairy products;
alcoholic and without alcoholic drinks.
The substance helps color cosmetic products. It can be found in creams, hair dyes, deodorants, shampoos, soaps, mouthwashes, etc. The textile industry uses E133 for dyeing wool and silk products.

Table. The norm for the content of food additive E133 in products according to SanPiN 2.3.2.1293-03 dated May 26, 2008

Food products	Maximum level of E 133 content in products
Ice cream and popsicles
Desserts, dairy products
Canned pea puree
Flour confectionery products, rich bakery products, pasta
Decorative coatings
Minced fish surimi and salmon-like fish
Sausages, sausages, pork sausage with pepper
Fruit processing products (jams, jellies, marmalades and others, including low-calorie
Fruits and vegetables, canned and glazed
Soft drinks
Confectionery
Processed cheeses
Fish or crustacean paste

Smoked fish
Fish roe
Fresh fish
Dry and paste-like sauces and seasonings
Solid dietary supplements
Liquid dietary supplements
Analogues of meat and fish based on vegetable proteins

Ready-made snacks based on cereals, potatoes, flour, starch
Processed nuts, mixed nuts and unshelled nuts
Cheese coating
Fruit filling for baking
Chewing gum
Cider, spirits, fruit and flavored wines
Dietary nutritional formulas

Regulation by law

Additive E133 can be used as a dye in Russia, the USA, Australia, New Zealand and many European countries. The dye is also not prohibited in Ukraine and Belarus. The decision to use the substance in the Russian Federation was made in December 2005.

Countries such as Norway, France, Denmark, Belgium and Germany have abandoned the use food coloring E133 and added it to the list of prohibited due to potential danger for good health.

The dye “Brilliant Blue” (“diamond blue”, “food blue”, “aniline blue”) is a food additive of synthetic origin with code E133. The substance is produced from coal tar by organic synthesis. It has no analogues in nature.

The dye is a violet or blue powder. The substance is resistant to light and alkaline environments, and changes color in acid.

Using Blue Glitter Dye

E133 is widely used in the food industry due to its low cost and ability to be combined with other dyes to produce shades of purple, black and brown. In addition, with the help of this substance you can restore the lost color of the product and give it an appetizing and attractive appearance.

The “Brilliant Blue” dye is found in:

confectionery products;
soft drinks, alcoholic cocktails;
seafood, fish;
ice cream;
breakfast cereals.

The substance is also used in cosmetic production; it is often a component of shampoos, hair dyes, soaps, and shower gels.

Effect of E133 dye on humans

Scientific research on the safety of the E133 dye has not yet been completed, but its use is permitted in the CIS countries, Russia, the USA, and Australia. The substance belongs to the class of moderately hazardous food additives; its amount per 1 kg of adult body weight should not exceed 4.8 mg.

The dye should not be used by people sensitive to aspirin, those with asthma, or those prone to allergies. The substance is not absorbed by the body and is excreted naturally with food debris.